Inbred corn line GSC1

ABSTRACT

An inbred corn line, designated GSC1, is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of inbred corn line GSC1, to the plants of inbred corn line GSC1 and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing the inbred line GSC1 with itself or another corn line. The invention further relates to hybrid corn seeds and plants produced by crossing the inbred line GSC1 with another corn line.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a new and distinctive corn inbred line,designated GSC1. There are numerous steps in the development of anynovel, desirable plant germplasm. The first step is to define andanalyze the problems and weaknesses of the current germplasm, establishthe program goals, and define the specific breeding objectives. The nextstep is to select germplasm that possess the traits that meet theprogram goals. The ultimate goal is to combine in a single variety orhybrid an improved combination of desirable traits from the parentalgermplasm. These traits may include higher yield, better resistance todiseases and insects, better stalks and roots, increased tolerance todrought and heat, and better agronomic quality.

Choice of breeding or selection methods depends on the mode of plantreproduction, the heritability of the trait(s) being improved, and thetype of cultivar used commercially (e.g., F₁ hybrid cultivar, purelinecultivar, etc.). For highly heritable traits, a choice of superiorindividual plants evaluated at a few locations is effective, whereas,for low heritable traits, selection should be based on mean valuesobtained from replicated evaluations of families of related plants.Popular selection methods include pedigree selection, modified pedigreeselection, mass selection, and recurrent selection.

The complexity of inheritance influences the choice of breeding method.Backcross breeding is used to transfer one or a few favorable genes fora highly heritable trait into a desirable cultivar. This approach hasbeen used extensively for breeding disease-resistant cultivars. Variousrecurrent selection techniques are used to improve quantitativelyinherited traits controlled by numerous genes. The use of recurrentselection in self-pollinating crops depends on the ease of pollination,the frequency of successful hybrids from each pollination and the numberof hybrid offspring from each successful cross.

Each breeding program should include a periodic, objective evaluation ofthe efficiency of the breeding procedure. Evaluation criteria varydepending on the goal and objectives, however, each evaluation shouldinclude gain from selection per year based on comparisons to anappropriate standard, overall value of the advanced breeding lines, andnumber of successful cultivars produced per unit of input (e.g., peryear, per dollar expended, etc.).

Promising advanced breeding lines are thoroughly tested and compared toappropriate standards in environments representative of the commercialtarget area(s) a minimum of three years. The best lines are candidatesfor new commercial cultivars; those still deficient in a few traits areused as parents to produce new populations for further selection.

This process, which leads to the final step of marketing anddistribution, usually take from eight to twelve years from the time thefirst cross is made. Therefore, development of new cultivars is atime-consuming process that requires precise forward planning, efficientuse of resources, and minimum changes in direction.

The true genotypic value of most traits is masked by other confoundingplant traits and/or environmental factors making it difficult toidentify genetically superior individuals. One method of identifying asuperior plant is to observe its performance relative to otherexperimental plants and to a widely grown standard cultivar. If a singleobservation is inconclusive, replicated observations are made to providea better estimate of the plant's genetic worth.

The goal of plant breeding is to develop new, unique and superior corninbred lines and hybrids. The breeder initially selects and crosses twoor more parental lines, followed by repeated selfing and selection,producing many new genetic combinations. The breeder can theoreticallygenerate billions of different genetic combinations via crossing,selfing and mutating. The breeder has no direct control at the cellularlevel. Therefore, two breeders will never develop the same line, or evenvery similar lines, having the same corn traits.

Each year, the plant breeder selects the germplasm to advance to thenext generation. This germplasm is grown under unique and differentgeographical, climatic and soil conditions, and further selections arethen made, during and at the end of the growing season. The resultinginbred lines are unpredictable. This unpredictability occurs because thebreeder's selection is made in unique environments, with no control atthe DNA level (using conventional breeding procedures), and differentgenetic combinations being generated. A breeder of ordinary skill cannotpredict the resulting lines except possibly in a very gross and generalfashion. The same breeder cannot produce the same line twice even usingthe exact same original parents and the same selection techniques. Thisunpredictability results in the expenditure of large research monies todevelop a superior new corn inbred line.

The development of commercial corn hybrids requires the development ofhomozygous inbred lines, the crossing of these lines, and the evaluationof the crosses. Pedigree breeding and recurrent selection breedingmethods are used to develop inbred lines from breeding populations.Breeding programs combine desirable traits from two or more inbred linesor various broad-based sources into breeding pools from which inbredlines are developed by selfing and selection of desired phenotypes. Thenew inbreds are crossed with other inbred lines; the hybrids from thesecrosses are evaluated to determine which have commercial potential.

Pedigree breeding is used commonly to improve self-pollinating crops orinbred lines of cross-pollinating crops. Two parents which possessfavorable, complementary traits are crossed to produce an F₁. An F₂population is produced by selfing one or several F₁'s or byintercrossing two F₁'s (sib mating). Selection of the best individualsusually begins in the F₂ population; then, in the F₃ line, the bestindividuals in the best families are selected. Replicated tests offamilies, or hybrid combinations of individuals within these families,often follow in the F₄ generation to improve the effectiveness of theselection of low heritable traits. In the advanced stages of inbreeding(i.e., F₆ and F₇), the best lines or mixtures of phenotypically similarlines are tested for potential release as new cultivars.

Mass and recurrent selections can be used to improve populations ofeither self- or cross-pollinating crops. A genetically variablepopulation of heterozygous individuals is either identified or createdby intercrossing several different parents. The best plants are selectedbased on individual superiority, outstanding progeny, or excellentcombining ability. The selected plants are intercrossed to produce a newpopulation in which further cycles of selection are continued.

Backcross breeding can be used to transfer genes of a highly heritabletrait into a desirable homozygous cultivar or inbred line (the recurrentparent). The source of the transferred trait is called the donor parent.After the initial cross, individuals possessing the phenotype of thedonor parent are selected and repeatedly crossed (backcrossed) to therecurrent parent. The resulting plant is expected to have the attributesof the recurrent parent (e.g., cultivar) and the desirable traittransferred from the donor parent.

Descriptions of other breeding methods commonly used for differenttraits and crops can be found in one of several reference books (e.g.,Allard, 1960; Simmonds, 1979; Sneep et al., 1979; Fehr, 1987).

Proper testing should detect any major faults and establish the level ofsuperiority or improvement over current cultivars. In addition toshowing superior performance, there must be a demand for a new cultivarthat is comparable with industry standards or that creates a new market.The seed producer, grower, processor, and consumer will incur additionalcosts with the introduction of a new cultivar for special advertisingand marketing, altered seed and commercial production practices, and newproduct utilization. The testing preceding the release of a new cultivarshould take into consideration research and development costs as well astechnical superiority of the final cultivar. For seed-propagatedcultivars, easy and economical seed production must be feasible.

Once the best-performing inbreds have been identified, the hybrid seedcan be reproduced indefinitely provided the homogeneity of the inbredparent is maintained. A single-cross hybrid is produced by crossing twoinbred lines to produce the F₁ progeny (A×B). A double-cross hybrid isproduced by crossing two desirable single crosses (A×B)×(C×D). Much ofthe hybrid vigor exhibited by F₁ hybrids is lost in the next generation(F₂). Consequently, seed from hybrid varieties is not used for plantingstock.

Corn is an important and valuable field crop. Thus, a continuing goal ofplant breeders is to develop stable, high yielding, agronomically soundcorn hybrids. The reasons for this goal are to maximize the amount ofgrain produced and to supply food for both animals and humans. Toaccomplish this goal, the corn breeder must select and develop cornplants that have the traits that result in superior parental lines forproducing hybrids.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to the invention, there is provided a novel inbred corn line,designated GSC1. This invention thus relates to the seeds of inbred cornline GSC1, to the plants of inbred corn line GSC1 and to the methods forproducing a corn plant by crossing the inbred corn line GSC1 with itselfor another corn line. This invention further relates to hybrid cornseeds and plants produced by crossing the inbred line GSC1 with anothercorn line.

The inbred corn plant of the invention may further comprise, or have, acytoplasmic factor that is capable of conferring male sterility. Partsof the corn plant of the present invention are also provided, such ase.g., pollen obtained from an inbred plant and an ovule of the inbredplant. In one aspect, the present invention provides for single geneconverted plants of GSC1. The single transferred gene may preferably bea dominant or recessive allele. Preferably, the single transferred genewill confer such traits as male sterility, herbicide resistance, insectresistance, resistance for bacterial, fungal, or viral disease, malefertility, enhanced nutritional quality, and industrial usage. Thesingle gene may be a naturally occurring maize gene or a transgeneintroduced through genetic engineering techniques.

In another aspect, the present invention provides regenerable cells foruse in tissue culture or inbred corn plant GSC1. The tissue culture willpreferably be capable of regenerating plants having the physiologicaland morphological characteristics of the foregoing inbred corn plant,and of regenerating plants having substantially the same genotype as theforegoing inbred corn plant. Preferably, the regenerable cells in suchtissue cultures will be embryos, protoplasts, meristematic cells,callus, pollen, leaves, anthers, roots, root tips, silk, flowers,kernels, ears, cobs, husks or stalks. Still further, the presentinvention provides corn plants regenerated from the tissue cultures ofthe invention.

DEFINITIONS

In the following descriptions and tables contain a number of terms.These terms are defined below to provide a clear and consistentunderstanding of the specification and claims, including the scope to begiven such terms:

Yield (Bushels/Acre). The actual yield of the grain at harvest adjustedto 15.5% moisture.

Moisture. The actual percentage moisture of the grain at harvest.

GDU Silk. The GDU silk (=heat unit silk) is the number of growing degreeunits (GDU) or heat units required for an inbred line or hybrid to reachsilk emergence from the time of planting. Growing degree units arecalculated by the Barger Method, where the heat units for a 24-hourperiod are: ${GDU} = {\frac{\left( {{Max}.{+ {Min}}} \right)}{2} - 50.}$

The highest maximum used is 86° F. and the lowest minimum used is 50° F.For each hybrid, it takes a certain number of GDUs to reach variousstages of plant development. GDUs are a way of measuring plant maturity

Stalk Lodging. The percentage of plants that stalk lodge, i.e., stalkbreakage, as measured by natural lodging or by pushing the stalks todetermine the percentage of plants that break off below the ear. This isa relative rating of a hybrid to other hybrids for standability.

Root Lodging. The percentage of plants that root lodge; i.e., those thatlean from the vertical axis at an approximate 30° angle or greater.

Plant Height. This is a measure of the height of the hybrid from theground to the tip of the tassel, and is measured in centimeters.

Ear Height. The ear height is a measure from the ground to the ear nodeattachment, and is measured in centimeters.

Dropped Ears. The percentage of plants that dropped an ear prior toharvest.

Allele. The allele is any of one or more alternative forms of a gene,all of which alleles relate to one trait or characteristic. In a diploidcell or organism, the two alleles of a given gene occupy correspondingloci on a pair of homologous chromosomes.

Backcrossing. Backcrossing is a process in which a breeder repeatedlycrosses hybrid progeny back to one of the parents, for example, a firstgeneration hybrid F₁ with one of the parental genotypes of the F₁hybrid.

Essentially all the physiological and morphological characteristics. Aplant having essentially all the physiological and morphologicalcharacteristics means a plant having the physiological and morphologicalcharacteristics, except for the characteristics derived from theconverted gene.

Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL). Quantitative trait loci (QTL) refer togenetic loci that control to some degree numerically representabletraits that are usually continuously distributed.

Regeneration. Regeneration refers to the development of a plant fromtissue culture.

Single Gene Converted. Single gene converted or conversion plant refersto plants which are developed by a plant breeding technique calledbackcrossing wherein essentially all of the desired morphological andphysiological characteristics of an inbred are recovered in addition tothe single gene transferred into the inbred via the backcrossingtechnique or via genetic engineering.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

GSC1 is a yellow dent corn inbred line with superior characteristics,and provides an excellent parental line in crosses for producing firstgeneration (F₁) hybrid corn.

GSC1 is a corn inbred line developed from crossing line 329×F₂population CD3165 and then intermating the resulting cross. Yield, stalkquality, root quality, disease tolerance, late plant greenness, lateplant intactness, ear retention, pollen shedding ability, silkingability and corn borer tolerance were the criteria used to determine therows from which ears were selected.

Inbred corn line GSC1 has the following morphologic and othercharacteristics (based primarily on data collected at Platteville,Wis.).

VARIETY DESCRIPTION INFORMATION

1. TYPE: Yellow Dent

2. REGION WHERE DEVELOPED: Northcentral U.S.

3. MATURITY:

Days Heat Units From emergence to 50% of plants in silk: 79 1328 Fromemergence to 50% of plants in pollen 81 1362${\text{Heat Units: =}\frac{\begin{matrix}\left\lbrack {{{Max}.\quad {Temp}.\left( {\leq {86{^\circ}\quad {F.}}} \right)} +} \right. \\\left. {{Min}.\quad {Temp}.\quad \left( {\geq {50{^\circ}\quad {F.}}} \right)} \right\rbrack\end{matrix}}{2}} - 50$

4. PLANT:

Plant Height (to tassel tip): 214.7 cm

Ear Height (to base of top ear): 54.1 cm

Average Length of Top Ear Internode: 17.3 cm

Average Number of Tillers: 1

Average Number of Ears per Stalk: 2.1

Anthocyanin of Brace Roots: Absent

5. LEAF:

Width of Ear Node Leaf: 9.8 cm

Length of Ear Node Leaf: 78.9 cm

Number of Leaves Above Top Ear: 7

Leaf Angle from 2nd Leaf Above Ear at Anthesis to Stalk Above Leaf: 20°

Leaf Color: Medium green (5GY3/4 Munsell)

Leaf Sheath Pubescence (rate on a scale from 1=none to 9=like peachfuzz): 7

Marginal Waves (rate on a scale from 1=none to 9=many): 5

6. TASSEL:

Number of Lateral Branches: 5

Branch Angle from Central Spike: 7°

Tassel Length (from top leaf collar to tassel top): 37.9 cm

7a. EAR (Unhusked Data):

Silk Color (3 days after emergence): Purple (5RP3/10 Munsell)

Fresh Husk Color (25 days after 50% silking): Green-yellow (5GY5/8Munsell)

7b. EAR (Husked Data):

Ear Length: 16.2 cm

Ear Diameter at Mid-point: 39.0 mm

Ear Weight: 101.1 g

Number of Kernel Rows: 14

Kernel Rows: Distinct

Row Alignment: Straight

Ear Taper: Slight

8. KERNEL (Dried):

Kernel Length: 10.0 mm

Kernel Width: 7.4 mm

Kernel Thickness: 4.0 mm

Weight per 100 Kernels (unsized sample): 28.5 g

9. COB:

Cob Diameter at Mid-point: 23.3 mm

Cob Color: Salmon (10R 4/8 Munsell)

This invention is also directed to methods for producing a corn plant bycrossing a first parent corn plant with a second parent corn plant,wherein the first or second corn plant is the inbred corn plant from theline GSC1. Further, both first and second parent corn plants may be fromthe inbred line GSC1. Therefore, any methods using the inbred corn lineGSC1 are part of this invention: selfing, backcrosses, hybrid breeding,and crosses to populations. Any plants produced using inbred corn lineGSC1 as a parent are within the scope of this invention. Advantageously,the inbred corn line is used in crosses with other corn varieties toproduce first generation (F₁) corn hybrid seed and plants with superiorcharacteristics.

As used herein, the term “plant” includes plant cells, plantprotoplasts, plant cell of tissue culture from which corn plants can beregenerated, plant calli, plant clumps, and plant cells that are intactin plants or parts of plants, such as pollen, flowers, kernels, ears,cobs, leaves, husks, stalks, and the like.

The present invention contemplates a corn plant regenerated from atissue culture of an inbred (e.g., GSC1) or hybrid plant of the presentinvention. As is well known in the art, tissue culture of corn can beused for the in vitro regeneration of a corn plant. By way of example, aprocess of tissue culturing and regeneration of corn is described inEuropean Patent Application, publication 160,390, the disclosure ofwhich is incorporated by reference. Corn tissue culture procedures arealso described in Green & Rhodes (I 982) and Duncan, et al., (1985). Thestudy by Duncan et al., (1985) indicates that 97 percent of culturedplants produced calli capable of regenerating plants. Subsequent studieshave shown that both inbreds and hybrids produced 91 percent regenerablecalli that produced plants.

Other studies indicate that non-traditional tissues are capable ofproducing somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration. See, e.g.,Singstad et al., (1988); Rao et al., (1986); and Conger et al., (1987),the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.Regenerable cultures may be initiated from immature embryos as describedin PCT publication WO 95/06128, the disclosure of which is incorporatedherein by reference.

Thus, another aspect of this invention is to provide for cells whichupon growth and differentiation produce the inbred line GSC1.

329 and CD3165, the progenitors of GSC1, are a proprietary field corninbred line and a proprietary F₂ population, respectively, of GoldenSeed Company, L.L.C., Cordova, Ill. GSC1 is considerably different inplant height and appearance than its progenitors. It also differs in earcharacteristics by having a slender type ear.

Some of the criteria used to select plants within various generationsinclude: yield, stalk quality, root quality, disease tolerance, lateplant greenness, late season plant intactness, ear retention, pollenshedding ability, silking ability, and corn borer tolerance. During thedevelopment of the GSC1 line, crosses were made to inbred testers forthe purpose of estimating the line's general and specific combiningability, and evaluations were run by the Platteville, Wis. ResearchStation. The inbred was evaluated further as a line and in numerouscrosses by research stations across the Corn Belt including Platteville,Wis. The inbred proved to have a very good combining ability in hybridcombinations.

The inbred has shown uniformity and stability. It has beenself-pollinated and ear-rowed for a sufficient number of generations,with careful attention to uniformity of plant type to ensurehomozygosity and phenotypic stability. The line has been increased bothby hand and sibbed in isolated fields with continued observations foruniformity. No variant traits have been observed or are expected inGSC1.

TABLES

In the tables that follow, the traits and characteristics of inbred cornline GSC1 are given in hybrid combination. The data collected on inbredcorn line GSC1 is presented for the key characteristics and traits. Thetables present yield test information about GSC1. GSC1 was tested in onehybrid combination at numerous locations, with two or three replicationsper location. Information about this hybrid combination, as compared toa widely sold competitive hybrid, is presented.

In the following tables, information for each hybrid includes:

1. The hybrids tested are listed in column 1.

2. The mean yield of the hybrid across all locations is in column 2.

3. The mean for the percentage moisture (% MO) for the hybrid across alllocations is in column 3.

4. The mean of the percentage of plants with stalk lodging (% SL) acrossall locations is in column 4.

5. The mean of the percentage of plants with root lodging (% RL) acrossall locations is in column 5.

6. The mean of the percentage of plants with dropped ears (% DE) acrossall locations is in column 6.

TABLE 1 1997 Summary Hybrid Yield % MO % SL % RL % DE GSC1 × 407 164.418.0 4.1 2.7 0.5 Pioneer Brand 3394 163.4 17.6 5.6 1.4 0.8 CV 9.3 4.483.6 156.9 22.1 LSD 2.7 0.1 0.8 0.8 0.2 REPS 166 166 166 166 166

TABLE 2 1996 Summary Hybrid Yield % MO % SL % RL % DE GSC1 × 407 181.419.9 3.8 1.2 0.3 Pioneer Brand 3394 165.9 19.3 3.7 0.9 0.5 CV 8.6 4.787.9 208.5 333.8 LSD 2.8 0.2 6.7 0.17 4.7 REPS 161 161 161 161 161

When the term inbred corn plant is used in the context of the presentinvention, this also includes any single gene conversions of thatinbred. The term single gene converted plant as used herein refers tothose corn plants which are developed by a plant breeding techniquecalled backcrossing wherein essentially all of the desired morphologicaland physiological characteristics of an inbred are recovered in additionto the single gene transferred into the inbred via the backcrossingtechnique. Backcrossing methods can be used with the present inventionto improve or introduce a characteristic into the inbred. The termbackcrossing as used herein refers to the repeated crossing of a hybridprogeny back to one of the parental corn plants for that inbred. Theparental corn plant which contributes the gene for the desiredcharacteristic is termed the nonrecurrent or donor parent. Thisterminology refers to the fact that the nonrecurrent parent is used onetime in the backcross protocol and therefore does not recur. Theparental corn plant to which the gene or genes from the nonrecurrentparent are transferred is known as the recurrent parent as it is usedfor several rounds in the backcrossing protocol (Poehlman & Sleper,1994; Fehr, 1987). In a typical backcross protocol, the original inbredof interest (recurrent parent) is crossed to a second inbred(nonrecurrent parent) that carries the single gene of interest to betransferred. The resulting progeny from this cross are then crossedagain to the recurrent parent and the process is repeated until a cornplant is obtained wherein essentially all of the desired morphologicaland physiological characteristics of the recurrent parent are recoveredin the converted plant, in addition to the single transferred gene fromthe nonrecurrent parent.

The selection of a suitable recurrent parent is an important step for asuccessful backcrossing procedure. The goal of a backcross protocol isto alter or substitute a single trait or characteristic in the originalinbred. To accomplish this, a single gene of the recurrent inbred ismodified or substituted with the desired gene from the nonrecurrentparent, while retaining essentially all of the rest of the desiredgenetic, and therefore the desired physiological and morphological,constitution of the original inbred. The choice of the particularnonrecurrent parent will depend on the purpose of the backcross, one ofthe major purposes is to add some commercially desirable, agronomicallyimportant trait to the plant. The exact backcrossing protocol willdepend on the characteristic or trait being altered to determine anappropriate testing protocol. Although backcrossing methods aresimplified when the characteristic being if transferred is a dominantallele, a recessive allele may also be transferred. In this instance itmay be necessary to introduce a test of the progeny to determine if thedesired characteristic has been successfully transferred.

Many single gene traits have been identified that are not regularlyselected for in the development of a new inbred but that can be improvedby backcrossing techniques. Single gene traits may or may not betransgenic, examples of these traits include but are not limited to,male sterility, waxy starch, herbicide resistance, resistance forbacterial, fungal, or viral disease, insect resistance, male fertility,enhanced nutritional quality, industrial usage, yield stability andyield enhancement. These genes are generally inherited through thenucleus. Some known exceptions to this are the genes for male sterility,some of which are inherited cytoplasmically, but still act as singlegene traits. Several of these single gene traits are described in U.S.Pat. No. 5,777,196, the disclosure of which is specifically herebyincorporated by reference.

A further aspect of the invention relates to tissue culture of cornplants designated GSC1. As used herein, the term “tissue culture”indicates a composition comprising isolated cells of the same or adifferent type or a collection of such cells organized into parts of aplant. Exemplary types of tissue cultures are protoplasts, calli, plantclumps, and plant cells that can generate tissue culture that are intactin plants or parts of plants, such as embryos, pollen, flowers, kernels,ears, cobs, leaves, husks, stalks, roots, root tips, anthers, silk andthe like. In a preferred embodiment, tissue culture is embryos,protoplast, meristematic cells, pollen, leaves or anthers. Means forpreparing and maintaining plant tissue culture are well known in theart. By way of example, a tissue culture comprising organs such astassels or anthers, has been used to produce regenerated plants. (SeeU.S. Pat. Nos. 5,445,961 and 5,322,789, the disclosures of which areincorporated herein by reference).

DEPOSIT INFORMATION

A deposit of Golden Seed Company inbred corn line GSCI disclosed aboveand recited in the appended claims has been made with the America TypeCulture Collection (ATCC), 10801 University Boulevard, Manassas, Va.20110. The date of deposit was August 16, 2000. The deposit of 2,500seeds were taken from the same deposit maintained by Golden Seed Companysince prior to the filing date of this application. All restrictionsupon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meetall of the requirements of 37 C.F.R. §1.801-1.809. The ATCC accessionnumber is PTA-2373. The deposit will be maintained in the depository fora period of 30 years, or 5 years after the last request, or for theeffective life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replacedas necessary during that period.

Although the foregoing invention has been described in some detail byway of illustration and example for purposes of clarity andunderstanding, it will be obvious that certain changes and modificationsmay be practiced within the scope of the invention, as limited only bythe scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. An inbred corn seed designated GSC1, wherein asample of said seed has been deposited under ATCC Accession No.PTA-2373.
 2. A corn plant, or its parts, produced by growing the seed ofclaim
 1. 3. Pollen of the plant of claim
 2. 4. An ovule of the plant ofclaim
 2. 5. A corn plant having all of the physiological andmorphological characteristics of the corn plant of claim 2, or itsparts.
 6. Tissue culture of the seed of claim
 1. 7. A corn plantregenerated from the tissue culture of claim 6, wherein said corn plantis capable of expressing all the physiological and morphologicalcharacteristics of inbred corn line GSC1.
 8. Tissue culture ofregenerable cells of the plant, or its parts, of claim
 2. 9. The tissueculture of claim 8, wherein the regenerable cells are embryos,meristematic cells, pollen, leaves, anthers, roots, root tips, silk,flower, kernels, ears, cobs, husks, stalks, or protoplasts or calliderived therefrom.
 10. A corn plant regenerated from the tissue cultureof claim
 9. 11. A method for producing a hybrid corn seed comprisingcrossing a first inbred parent corn plant with a second inbred parentcorn plant and harvesting the resultant hybrid corn seed, wherein saidfirst or second parent corn plant is the corn plant of claim
 2. 12. Ahybrid corn seed produced by the method of claim
 11. 13. A hybrid cornplant, or its parts, produced by growing said hybrid corn seed of claim12.
 14. Corn seed produced by growing said hybrid corn plant of claim13.
 15. A corn plant, or its parts, produced from seed of claim
 14. 16.A method for producing a hybrid corn seed comprising crossing an inbredplant according to claim 2 with another, different corn plant.
 17. Ahybrid corn seed produced by the method of claim
 16. 18. A hybrid cornplant, or its parts, produced by growing said hybrid corn seed of claim17.
 19. Corn seed produced from said hybrid corn plant of claim
 18. 20.A corn plant, or its parts, produced from the corn seed of claim
 19. 21.The corn plant of claim 5, further comprising a single gene conversion.22. The corn plant of claim 21, further comprising a cytoplasmic factorconferring male sterility.
 23. The single gene conversion of the cornplant of claim 21, where the gene is a transgenic gene.
 24. The singlegene conversion of the corn plant of claim 21, where the gene is adominant allele.
 25. The single gene conversion of the corn plant ofclaim 21, wherein the gene is a recessive allele.
 26. The single geneconversion corn plant of claim 21, where the gene confers herbicideresistance.
 27. The single gene conversion of the corn plant of claim21, where the gene confers insect resistance.
 28. The single geneconversion of the corn plant of claim 21, where the gene confersresistance to bacterial, fungal, or viral disease.
 29. The single geneconversion of the corn plant of claim 21, where the gene confers malesterility.
 30. The single gene conversion of the corn plant of claim 21,where the gene confers waxy starch.